Description

For EX and QFX switches supported in Mist.

Symptoms

Users may report one or more of the following symptoms:

Wired 802.1X authentication intermittently succeeds and fails.

Endpoints repeatedly connect and disconnect.

Authentication completes successfully, but connectivity is later lost.

EAP-TEAP authentication works with other switch vendors but behaves inconsistently on EX switches.

Authentication traces show repeated Access-Challenge exchanges.

Authentication eventually times out or receives an Access-Reject.

The issue is more likely when the RADIUS server is reachable through tunnels or intermediate devices.



Environment:

Juniper EX4400 Virtual Chassis

Junos OS 23.x

802.1X authentication

EAP-TEAP authentication method

RADIUS-based NAC solution

User and machine certificate authentication

RADIUS server reachable across a routed network path or tunnel




Problem Statement:

Clients were intermittently unable to complete EAP-TEAP authentication.



During failure scenarios:

The EX switch successfully exchanged EAPOL frames with the supplicant.

The switch successfully communicated with the RADIUS server.

Multiple Access-Challenge messages were received.

The authentication process stalled before completion.

The switch eventually reported host timeout events.

The RADIUS server returned Access-Reject.

The endpoint was moved to a failed authentication state.



During successful scenarios:

Authentication completed normally.

Access-Accept messages were received.

Clients became authorized.

Accounting messages started successfully.



Investigation:

Switch Analysis

Review of:

Dot1x traces

Authentication service traces

Packet captures

AAA statistics

showed the EX4400 correctly performing:

EAPOL processing

RADIUS communication

Access-Challenge handling

Access-Accept processing

VLAN assignment

Session authorization


No evidence was found indicating:

Incorrect EX configuration

VLAN assignment failure

Dot1x state machine malfunction

Unexpected EAP-Failure generation by the EX switch

Authentication Flow During Failure



Observed sequence:

 

1Access-Challenge

2Access-Challenge

3Access-Challenge

4...

5No Response From Host

6Host Timeout

7Access-Reject

8EAP-Failure

 

Authentication Flow During Success

Observed sequence:

 

1Access-Challenge

2Access-Challenge

3Access-Challenge

4...

5Access-Accept

6EAP-Success

7Authorized State

 

MTU Findings

Investigation revealed:

Large EAP-TEAP packets were exchanged during TLS negotiation.

Packet captures contained Access-Challenge packets exceeding 1,100 bytes.

Authentication traversed a path containing non-Juniper devices and tunnel infrastructure.

Earlier troubleshooting indicated packet corruption across an intermediate tunnel.

The failure only occurred after authentication had already progressed substantially.

These observations pointed toward fragmentation, packet loss, or MTU-related transport issues affecting large TLS/EAP payloads.

 

Solution

The issue was resolved after reducing the MTU value on the management path used for RADIUS communication.

The customer reported successful and stable authentication after decreasing the MTU on the MGMT vlan to 1380


In environments using EAP-TEAP, certificate-based authentication generates large TLS payloads. When RADIUS communication traverses tunnels, firewalls, VPNs, WAN links, or other intermediate devices, MTU limitations can interrupt the exchange and cause intermittent authentication failures.

If EX switches successfully exchange RADIUS challenges but authentication ultimately fails because the endpoint stops responding, verify:

  • End-to-end MTU consistency
  • Tunnel overhead
  • Fragmentation handling
  • VPN/IPsec MTU settings
  • Packet loss within the RADIUS path

In this case, no Juniper software defect or EX4400 configuration issue was identified. Authentication failures were caused by transport-path MTU constraints, and reducing the MTU resolved the issue.

Modification History

2026-08-07 : Article Created